Advocating Sustainably for a Sustainable Future By Special Arrangement from Pakistan Cables Ltd.

on 09/01/2023

Paying attention to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) issues is becoming increasingly critical for all companies across all industries.
The message from the ongoing climate change crisis and subsequent call for action is clear – businesses need to align a sustainability strategy, set sustainability targets, and reap rewards in harmony with the communities it serves.
Sustainability is best defined in the 5th grade Science textbook as ‘the practice of using natural resources responsibly today, so they are available for future generations tomorrow’. Forests made up about 30 percent of Earth’s land mass in 2015, but that number is at risk of decreasing. The world population is expected to increase from 7.6 to 9.8 billion people by the year 2050. To decrease our dependency on fossil fuels, many scientists are researching renewable energy sources.
As the expectations on corporate responsibility increase, and the need to respond to the rapidly growing social and environmental challenges arise, as a business leader Pakistan Cables responded by speeding up its efforts to act on sustainability.
The Company has a rich history of investing in sustainable business practices. However, more recently, the following sustainability initiatives illustrate the Company’s lead on advocating sustainability within the industry:
First to launch a true innovation in the industry – ACCC® conductors, which are proven to reduce Green House Gases (GHG) and Carbon di Oxide (CO2) emissions. It is the first electric transmission in its history to earn the SCS Global Certification. This makes ACCC® conductors as an ideal choice to counter the growing demands of the power sector in adapting efficient solutions that guarantee low carbon footprint. It is installed in over 250 utilities globally, over 50 countries with over 110,000 km of ACCC® in service completing 800 projects completed worldwide.
Recently, the Multan Electric Power Company (MEPCO) upgraded to ACCC ® Drake conductors for its 132 kV transmission line from KAPCO to Kott Addu Grid station and reconductored its existing AAAC Greely Conductor. As a result, the capacity of the transmission line grew from 1,800 Amps to 3,200 Amps. With its decision to pilot an innovative technology available in Pakistan, MEPCO successfully increased the capacity of the transmission line by 78 percent and a substantial reduction in line losses. Interestingly sag profile of the transmission line also improved, which was a huge relief for the residents residing in buildings under the transmission lines. Without any modification to the structure, the reconducting was successfully completed by Pakistan Cables Ltd. on behalf of MEPCO.
Pakistan Cables Ltd. has three successful installations nationwide. During 2018-2019, Pakistan Cables Ltd. completed the qualification process for producing ACCC® conductors at its manufacturing facility in Karachi which was conducted under the supervision of CTC Global Inc., USA.
Pakistan Cables became one of the first 26 local companies who signed the Business Ambition For 1.5°C Commitment in October 2021. The pledge is aligned with Company’s ambition of keeping warming to 1.5°C and reaching science-based net-zero emissions by 2050. Pakistan Cables has long been an advocate of green initiatives and is proud of its commitment to advocating sustainability in businesses and among communities by standing united with global business leaders on climate change.
Planted over 40,000 trees were successfully planted at the Pakistan Cables Urban Forest spread across 3 acres at its upcoming manufacturing facility in Nooriabad. The Pakistan Cables Urban Forest is the first and largest Miyawaki- based urban forest on an industrial estate. It is home to 69 native species which include olives, pomegranate, neem, and various other species.
For almost three years Pakistan Cables in collaboration with HELP Balochistan, a non-governmental organization (NGO), supports distribution drives of solar lamps regularly to the miners’ communities in Balochistan. A European company produced a drinking straw that filters bacteria, so people can safely drink water from contaminated ponds and lakes. Pakistan Cables, once again, collaborated with Help Balochistan to distribute the drinking straw as well as drinking water vessels in parts of Balochistan where the local community does not have access to clean drinking water for decades.
Pakistan Cables also offersALUMEX®, a diversified range of aluminium profiles that are extruded from prime quality imported AA 6063 billets. This is the internationally recommended Aluminum grade for architectural and structural applications. These sections are anodized on a fully automated plant. Anodized sections are offered in 4 different colors, while powder-coated sections are available in any imaginable color to match the taste of the customer. For all powder-coated sections, only polyester-based powders are used, which are manufactured and supplied by reputable companies. These coatings are thermosetting types, especially designed for ‘façade’ use. They can withstand the rigors of ultraviolet rays in the atmosphere.
Pakistan Cables introduced its Wiring Accessories range during 2021 and delivering on world-class quality and safety through it. All products manufactured under this category adhere to the latest British Standards with approvals from BSI and proudly wear the ASTA diamond mark.n

What’s special about 11th IEEEP Fair

on 09/01/2023

The 11th Fair of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers of Pakistan, (IEEEP) has begun unfolding itself starting today—August 30, 2022— has a couple of features that may distinguish this event from the ones the institute has been holding over the last many years.
Of these features, Pakistan’s socio-economic conditions which are historic as well as defining for their deepening political troubles and economy may have a reflection on the event. It will be important in both ways if they leave any impact or just slips by quietly.
Then this moot is being held after almost two years and as expected there would be a level of interest on the part of exhibitors but the presence and degree of participation would demonstrate many things in terms of the strength of the engineering industry in Pakistan. Also, the excitement of foreign companies will come into the count.
The last feature is the institute’s effort to encourage local manufacturers to be on the radar as to how it has materialized here in the exhibition and yielded any output.
A few days before this event, the interaction with IEEEP luminaries and analysis of media content suggested that the institute’s efforts have borne fruits and the number of local manufacturers will confirm it. A complete hall of the Expo Center was most likely to house the local engineering industry.
Yet another aspect that deserves appreciation is that the institute has a serious thought to encouraging local consultancy and O&M services in Pakistan. At present, this area is occupied by foreign companies and if such a thought is materialized, local companies may have space in this field.
The social media page of IEEEP says that the Industrial Electrical & Electronics Exhibition of Pakistan will prove to be the country’s premier exhibition covering the very latest technology in electrical, electronics, lighting, industrial instrumentation & control, allied services, and other related industries.
The event offers an exclusive networking platform for local and international participants to avail multiple opportunities for meeting the key decision makers, manufacturers, and system integrators, in particular, build contacts with traders and services providers and land major deals with international partners.
The organizers have transformed the program this time and put up three panel discussions instead of traditional technical presentations by exhibitors.
The first panel discussion is named ‘Make in Pakistan’ and Engr. Mehmood Ul Haq, Chairman Haq Holdings, Engr. Irfan Ahmed, Energy Consultant, and Engr. Ishtiaq Ul Haq, Business Consultant have been invited as panelists.
The second discussion is titled Textile Industry: Challenges and Solutions. The list of panelists includes Mirza Ikhtiar Baig, Shaikh Shafiq and Engr. Tahir Saleem.
The third panel discussion is on Construction Industry: Challenges and Solutions. Hanif Memon, Hanif Gohar, and Danish Bin Rauf have been invited as panelists.

Modes of Operation in Laser Technology

on 09/01/2023

The coherence of lasers distinguishes them from other light sources. The output of spatial (or transverse) coherence is usually a narrow, diffraction-limited beam. Laser beams can be concentrated in very small areas for high irradiance, or they can have very low divergence for concentrating power over a long distance. A laser differs from other light sources in that it emits coherent light. Laser cutting and lithography are made possible by spatial coherence, which allows a laser to be focused to a small area. Spatial coherence also allows a laser beam to remain narrow over long distances (collimation), making laser pointers and lidar possible (light detection and ranging).
Lasing usually starts with spontaneous emission into the lasing mode in most lasers. This original light is subsequently amplified in the gain medium by stimulated emission. In terms of direction, wavelength, and polarisation, stimulated emission produces light that is identical to the input signal, but the phase of the emitted light is 90 degrees ahead of the stimulating light. This, together with the optical resonator’s filtering function, provides laser light its distinctive coherence and, depending on the resonator’s design, may also give it uniform polarisation and monochromaticity. Depending on whether the power output is largely continuous across time or if it takes the form of light pulses on one- or another-time scale, a laser can be categorized as either continuous or pulsed. Of course, even a laser whose output is generally continuous can be turned on and off at a certain rate to produce light pulses.
Some laser applications require a beam with a constant output power throughout time. Continuous-wave (CW) lasers are one type of laser. To meet this need, a variety of lasers can be made to operate in continuous-wave mode. Many of these lasers lase in multiple longitudinal modes at once, and beats between the slightly different optical frequencies of those oscillations will produce sufficiency minor departure from time scales more limited than the full circle time (the proportional of the recurrence separating between modes), commonly a couple of nanoseconds or less. In other circumstances, the application necessitates the generation of pulses with the highest energy achievable. Because the beat energy is equivalent to the typical power partitioned by the reiteration rate, this objective can some of the time be fulfilled by slowing down the rate of pulses so that more energy can be stored between them. Another way to achieve pulsed laser operation is to pump the laser material with a pulsed source, either through electronic charging in the case of flash lamps or by using another pulsed laser. In the past, dye lasers used pulsed pumping because the inverted population lifespan of a dye molecule was so brief that a high-energy, quick pump was required.
By reducing or killing tumors or precancerous growths, lasers are employed to treat cancer. They’re most typically utilized to treat tumors that are found on the body’s surface or in the lining of internal organs. They’re used to treat basal cell skin cancer, as well as the early stages of cervical, penile, vaginal, vulvar, and non-small cell lung cancer. Fiber lasers have a fundamental constraint in that the light intensity in the fiber cannot be so high that optical nonlinearities caused by the local electric field strength become dominant, preventing laser operation and/or leading to fiber material damage.
Stimulated emission, in which energy is taken from a transition in an atom or molecule, is the mechanism by which a laser produces radiation. Albert Einstein predicted this quantum phenomenon when he derived the link between the A coefficient, which describes spontaneous emission, and the B coefficient, which describes the absorption and stimulated emission.n

Climate Change moot recommends storing rainwater underground

on 09/01/2023

A national conference on Climate Change has recommended that harvested rain should be used for groundwater recharge through groundwater recharge hotspots using Bhungroo Technology in Sindh.
Also, the moot emphasized upon rainwater harvesting through the construction of small dams in potential areas such as Karoonjhar, Kirthar Mountain range, and Ubhan Shah Hills should be taken on priority.
Titled, Integrating Climate Smart Agriculture, Water, Energy and Food Nexus for Sustainable Development and Food Security under Changing climate, this two-day conference was jointly organized by Dawood University of Engineering and Technology (DUET), Karachi, and Sindh Agriculture University (SAU), Tando Jam had detailed presentation and debate on every aspect of climate change.
The final recommendations read as under:
Zero tillage technology, mulching, furrow irrigation, and raised bed technology should be propagated and encouraged in irrigated areas of Sindh to achieve the targets of SDGs 1 and 6.
Agriculture should be strengthened and promoted in the untapped /dry areas of Pakistan, especially in the Cholistan, Kachoo, Kohistan, and Thar desert, by introducing Hi-Tech and supper irrigation methods
Rainwater harvesting through the construction of small dams in potential areas such as Karoonjhar, Khirthar Mountainous range, and Ubhan shah hills should be taken on priority.
Smart Agricultural Farms equipped with Precision Agriculture practices, IoT, and drone technology be introduced to enhance the quantity and quality of agricultural production, and Farmers should be supported in the transformation of traditional agriculture into smart agriculture
The role of wetlands should be considered for rainwater harvesting and flood mitigation apart from its role in the ecosystem and environment.
Harvested rain should be used for groundwater recharge through groundwater recharge hotspots using Bhungroo Technology.
Pakistan should promote energy conservation, increase energy efficiency, and on-farm solar, wind, and other renewable energy production as ways to mitigate agricultural greenhouse gas emissions and increase resiliency
Pakistan should promote farm scape that supports resilience to a changing climate and promotes carbon sequestration in woody biomass and soils.
Mangrove plantations along the entire Pakistan coast should be promoted and supported to work as a natural barrier against cyclones, seawater intrusion, storm surges, coastal erosion, etc.
40 years old Agroecological zones should be redefined considering the current climate change scenario
Conjunctive use of canal and drainage water should be supported, and farmers should be trained in the use of blended water for crop production
GIS, Remote Sensing, and Satellite Technology should be used for monitoring, mapping, and early cropped area yield estimations. To cope with the shortage of human resources in GIS & RS, related departments should be opened in HIES
Farmers should be encouraged for organic farming to avoid human health hazards associated with the use of chemicals in agriculture
Efforts should be taken to minimize the Climate Change impacts on Pakistan, especially on Sindh, by promoting forestation, curtailing Green House Gas (GHG) emissions, and protecting wetlands and rangelands
Policies for Water and Climate Change should be developed, approved, and adopted with gist and spirit.
Crop water productivity should be enhanced to a level of developed countries through research and the adoption of innovative technologies.
Encroachments within the riverbed should be removed for uninterrupted flow of the Indus during the monsoon period.
Governance issues in the water conveyance and delivery system should be improved so that farmers at the tail end of the system should get their due share of irrigation water.
The drainage plays a vital role to cope with urban and agricultural flooding. Hence, the drainage network in Sindh should be improved by the strengthening of LBOD and RBOD spinal drains as well as associated main and sub-drains.
Integrated Water Resources Management for water governance and management must be adopted at all levels.
The Federal and Provincial Governments should enhance the budget for research focusing on issues related to climate change, water, livestock, and food security.
The Indus delta should be the priority of the government in solving the freshwater availability, seawater intrusion, groundwater contamination, storm surges, cyclones, poverty, soil salinity & waterlogging issues of the delta
Agri. Tourism should be patronaged. For this, model farms should be opened in each district
As an acknowledgment of the importance of the Manchar wetland in Pakistan, it is recommended that it should be declared a “Ramsar site”

Importance of Air Conditioning, Significant Role on Energy & Global Warming

on 06/01/2023

This article will spread out the importance of we all use Airconditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration in our daily lives such as Offices, Houses / Apartments, Gym, Shopping Malls, Hospitals, Airports, Pharmaceuticals, Vehicles, other industries, small and medium enterprises as well as storage facilities keep fresh and healthy Foods, Sea Foods and Medicine i.e. Meat, Vegetables, Vaccines, etc.
Projections by the International Energy Agency (IEA) predict an increase to 5.5 billion units globally by 2050. Fatih Birol, Executive Director of the IEA warns that: the “Growing demand for air conditioners is one of the most critical blind spots in today’s energy debate”. He adds that an essential and relatively simple step is for governments to set higher efficiency standards for cooling. Energy demand due to air conditioning is expected to almost triple by 2050.
HVACR defines Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration plays a vital role as follows:
To provide comfort for people and industrial applications.
To provide better Indoor Air Quality (IAQ).
To preserve the foods (Meat, Sea Food, Vegetables, and Fruits) & Medicine.
To reduce the Energy requirement.
To minimize the Global Warming or Hot Climate Change effect.
The cooling industry is important, but it is also incredibly polluting – accounting for around 10% of global CO2 emissions. That is three times the amount produced by aviation and shipping combined. And as temperatures around the world continue to rise due to climate change, the demand for cooling will increase too.
First, we agree that Air Conditioning and Refrigeration is being used everywhere. As the population and awareness will more means demand of energy will increase day by day. So, Let’s focus on Energy mostly electricity.
Globally Energy Conservation and Climate Change – we are talking about.
Everyone is part to help the local society, provinces/states, and national levels, and combined efforts will help the globe. These will be discussed in detail.
The demand for Energy can be reduced if buyers both home appliances & commercial / Industrial people select the right and third-party Energy Certified Equipment.
Do buy energy efficient equipment which requires less electricity to meet the demand.
Do take valuable advice from an airconditioning expert for houses.
Do proper designing for Medium or Large-Scale Projects.
Do select the location of the Equipment for Split Air conditioners.
05.Do proper insulation on refrigerant pipes, walls / roof.
06.Do proper Installation and Commissioning.
07.Do preventive maintenance like filter cleaning.
08.Do select the professionals / experts for repairing / replacement and new installation.
The second most important factor is Global Warming & Ozone Depletion Layer. Air conditioners are terrible for the environment, which is complicated by the fact that they’re increasingly necessary as outside temperatures increase.
In China, a searing heat wave has lasted for more than two months, and the power grid is straining as people crank up their air-conditioning.
But as the planet keeps getting hotter, and more people around the world can afford to air-condition, its use is growing everywhere. By the middle of the century, there are likely to be about 5.6 billion appliances, and nearly triple the energy demand for cooling today.
“I think the numbers come out to about 10 new air conditioners every second for the next 30
years,” says Jack Alvarenga, a research scientist at Harvard University’s Wyss Institute, and part of a team working on redesigning how homes can be cooled.
The problem is significant both because of the amount of energy that air conditioners require and
the fact that current refrigerants, the chemicals that absorb the heat in your AC, are also potent greenhouse gases. (Thanks to the global Kigali Agreement, the worst refrigerants are being phased out, but that will take time.) The more AC is used, the hotter it will get outside.
HVAC System uses refrigerants (Gases) which absorb heat and provide cooling.
These refrigerants escape from the system and damage both Global Warming & Ozone Depletion Layer.
HFC emissions cause increased warming in the stratosphere, reports NASA, speeding up the chemical reactions that destroy ozone molecules and decreasing ozone levels.
In other words, HFCs trap heat in our atmosphere and contribute to global warming. Thus, they have high global warming potential (GWP) and are ultimately bad for the environment.
New Refrigerants – HFOs have zero ODP (Ozone Depletion Potential) and low GWP, making them a more environmentally friendly option than HFCs. HFOs don’t trap heat in our atmosphere and don’t contribute to global warming.
NOTE:
Glaciers start melting, rising sea levels, high precipitation, and change in climate globally due to high ambient temperature because of Global Warming.
The high demand for electricity means more emissions of Carbon Dioxide into the Environment. In addition to this, high electric bills.
Transitioning from HFC to HFO or HFO blends (New Refrigerants used in Cars, Fridges, Split Units, and Commercial Units) is an essential step in reducing the climate impact of the building and roofing industry.
Global warming is gauged by the increase in the average global temperature of the Earth. Along with our currently increasing average global temperature, some parts of the Earth may actually get colder while other parts get warmer—hence the idea of average global temperature. Greenhouse gas-caused atmospheric heating and agitation also increase the unpredictability of the weather and climate and dramatically increase the severity, scale, and frequency of storms, droughts, wildfires, and extreme temperatures.
90 percent reduction of HCFCs in developed countries. Developed countries are eliminating 90 percent of their HCFC production and consumption as per the schedule.
Montreal Protocol Adoption
The Montreal Protocol is adopted on 16 September 1987. The day is marked globally as the International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer since 16 September 1995.
2016 – Kigali Amendment adopted as Parties adopt the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on 15 October, agreeing to phase down the consumption and production of hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs).
Healing of ozone layer confirmed in 2013:
The scientific assessment of ozone depletion in 2014 confirms that the ozone layer is healing and will return to pre-1980 levels by mid-century, thanks to actions taken by Parties under the Montreal Protocol.
Conclusion:
Nowadays, providing cooling to everyone who needs it, and not just those who can afford it. This is a necessity instead of a luxury.
Air conditioning is the need of people to maintain a comfortable indoor environment. During Covid 19, the use of Airconditioning is more important, especially in public places. Earlier it was discussed – Airconditioning is the name of Cooled Air Only. In the current scenario, the importance is much bigger that will significantly improve in many areas of our lives.
As we all know that Pakistan is suffering a lot due to global warming and bearing serious consequences. This is the time to emphasize the importance of air conditioning, energy efficiency, and its effect on climate.
Hybrid System can be one way to reduce the use of Airconditioning at peak load means natural ventilation, evaporative cooling, and Mechanical Airconditioning.
The Use of Energy Efficient Air Conditioners and New Refrigerants will minimize the energy crisis, and global warming effect as well as the healing of the ozone depletion layer.
Pakistan Governmentescalates working relations with International Organization for Environment / Climate Change to spread out awareness of new refrigerants and do seminars all over Pakistan through Engineering Council and Pakistan HVACR Society etc.
Both Government and Industrial Sector should form the committee and prepare the guidelines and make sure to implement (both penalty or reward) in all areas. All professionals, scientist and scholars must take a step forward and emphasize on use of renewable energy and highlights the benefits of Energy Efficient Equipment & use of new refrigerants.
We should promote clean energy on small and large scales like solar or wind power energy. By acting responsibly now, we get to experience and preserve for ourselves and future generations the opportunity to survive and thrive and experience a sustainable prosperity.
Getting others aware of the real urgency of the climate and global heating emergency is the absolute least anyone can do to do their part to help themselves and humanity. Reducing Global Warming is huge task, and we should discuss at all forums and work as a community to save the world.
Actions should be taken to reduce Carbon Emissions and helps to reduce Global Warming:
Use Energy Efficient Air Conditioning & Refrigeration Equipment.
Use New Refrigerants for household items, Commercial & Industrial Projects.
Go paperless.
Use Electric Vehicle or Hybrid.
Make your home more energy and water efficient.
Use renewable energy resources (Solar, Wind, etc)
Recycling of Waste
Go Plastic Free
Increase the plants in the surrounding.
Besides, all media – Print Media (Newspapers, Magazines), Broadcast Media (TV, Radio), Outdoor or Out of Home (OOH) Media, and Social Media be part of this important awareness. All stakeholders work together to give awareness in order to save the next generation of Pakistan.n