Call for Papers 39th Multi-Topic Intl Symposium from April 23 in Karachi

on 22/11/2024

The Institution of Electrical & Electronics Engineers Pakistan (IEEEP) Karachi Centre invites engineers, researchers, industry professionals, and academics to present their research, case studies, technological advancements, and innovative engineering solutions at the 39th IEEEP Multi-Topic International Symposium. Focus Areas for the Symposium 2025 are:
• Sustainable Energy Systems and Renewable Energy Integration
• Advancements in Power Systems and Smart Infrastructure
• Climate-Responsive Engineering and Resource Optimization
• Localization of Engineering Technologies & Manufacturing
• Digital Transformation in Industry
• Intelligent Control, Robotics, & Al-Driven Engineering Solutions
• Data Analytics, Cybersecurity, and IoT Applications
• Emerging Technologies in Telecommunications and Connectivity
• Healthcare Technologies and Biomedical Engineering
• Resilient Infrastructure and Disaster Management Technologies
The guidelines for abstract submissions are:
• Pakistan-Centric Focus: Submissions must be relevant to Pakistan, addressing local needs, challenges, and opportunities.
• Value Proposition: Presentations should deliver substantial technological, economic, or educational value to the local engineering sector.
• Non-Commercial: Direct promotion of products, companies, or institutions is strictly prohibited. Presentations should focus on the underlying technology or innovation rather than any brand or product.
• Abstract Requirements: The abstract should clearly explain the work or concept, highlight challenges and opportunities, and outline its significance in Pakistan’s context.
• Detailed Paper/Presentation: Authors of selected abstracts will be required to submit a detailed paper or presentation, which must include the above, as well as the background information, development stages, relevant data and statistics, results, conclusions, an assessment of benefits, impact on the local industry, and future directions.
Your paper could be in these categories:
• Introduction of new concepts or technologies.
• Case studies or real-world applications.
• Novel research or academic contributions with the potential for commercialization or practical application. o Policy framework and macro-level insights aimed at advancing the engineering sector at a national level.
The abstract should be submitted by 15 January 2025 after acceptance, the authors will submit the paper by 25 February 2025.

Defining the Future of Climate Action: Insights from COP29

on 22/11/2024

As COP29 unfolds in Baku, Azerbaijan, the global climate community finds itself at a critical juncture. With the clock ticking on the 1.5°C warming target, recent discussions have tackled some of the most pressing issues: equitable climate finance, fossil fuel subsidy reform, national climate commitments, and climate justice. The outcomes and debates reflect both progress and the challenges that remain in securing a sustainable and just future.
Setting a New Climate Finance Goal
One of the most significant milestones discussed at COP29 is the New Collective Quantified Goal (NCQG) for climate finance. This ambitious framework is designed to provide financial resources for mitigation, adaptation, and loss-and-damage measures, particularly for the most vulnerable nations.
The NCQG emphasizes transparency and accountability, aiming to rebuild trust between donor and recipient nations. By aligning with gender and human rights safeguards, the goal ensures inclusivity while addressing historical imbalances in climate finance distribution. Negotiators are pushing for sub-goals that integrate these principles, recognizing that equitable financing is a cornerstone of effective climate action.
Despite progress, challenges remain in securing commitments from high-income countries. The gap between pledged and delivered funds continues to hinder efforts, especially for small island nations and least-developed countries. COP29’s discussions underline the urgency of bridging this gap and creating a robust monitoring system to track financial flows.
Reforming Fossil Fuel Subsidies and Accelerating the Just Transition
COP29 has reignited debates on fossil fuel subsidies, which totaled a staggering $1.7 trillion globally in 2022. Negotiators have called for clear timelines to phase out these subsidies, focusing on energy transitions that prioritize renewable energy and just transition measures.
While the term “inefficient subsidies” continues to be debated, there is growing consensus on the need for targeted reforms. Proposals include redirecting subsidies towards clean energy development and crafting policies that address energy poverty without exacerbating reliance on fossil fuels.
The Just Transition Work Program, another focal point, seeks to ensure that the shift away from fossil fuels is equitable. It emphasizes the role of social dialogue in shaping policies that protect workers and communities impacted by this transition. However, disagreements over program modalities and stakeholder involvement have slowed progress.
Strengthening National Commitments: The Role of Enhanced NDCs
As the February 2025 deadline for updated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) approaches, COP29 has become a platform for nations to showcase their enhanced climate commitments. These NDCs are expected to incorporate lessons from the global stock take and outline concrete steps for achieving net-zero targets.
Countries are being urged to include detailed plans for fossil fuel phase-outs, renewable energy scaling, and nature-based solutions. Additionally, integrating adaptation measures informed by National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) has been highlighted as crucial for balancing mitigation and resilience efforts.
The emphasis on economy-wide and investable NDCs aims to attract private-sector participation, but concerns persist over the feasibility of such ambitious goals. Negotiators are pushing for clear timelines and actionable roadmaps to ensure these commitments translate into tangible outcomes.
Addressing Climate Justice and Indigenous Rights
Climate justice has been a recurring theme at COP29, with discussions focusing on the rights of indigenous communities and climate migrants. These groups often bear the brunt of climate impacts yet remain underrepresented in policy-making processes.
Negotiators are advocating for international legal frameworks that protect these communities, emphasizing their role as stewards of biodiversity and resilience. Proposals include creating mechanisms for climate litigation, ensuring accountability for historical emissions, and enhancing access to finance for community-led adaptation projects.
Another critical issue is the legal recognition of climate migrants. COP29 has seen calls for establishing comprehensive support systems, from early warning mechanisms to long-term integration policies, to address the growing displacement caused by climate impacts.
The outcomes of COP29 reflect both significant progress and ongoing challenges in the global climate agenda. From redefining climate finance and reforming fossil fuel subsidies to strengthening national commitments and advancing climate justice, the negotiations have laid the groundwork for critical decisions at future conferences. However, turning these discussions into actionable results will require unprecedented collaboration and political will. As the world watches, the stakes could not be higher.

Why Do Pakistani Students Prefer to Study Abroad?

on 15/11/2024

Pakistani students, like their counterparts in many other countries, choose to study abroad for a variety of reasons. While Pakistan has several reputable universities, many students pursue higher education abroad for specific opportunities that may not be readily available in their home country. Below are some of the key factors driving Pakistani students to study overseas:

1. Quality of Education

Many Pakistani students are attracted to the high-quality education offered by universities abroad. Institutions in countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia are often seen as providing world-class academic programs, with faculty members who are experts in their fields. This reputation for academic excellence is a significant draw.

2. Diverse Study Options

International universities provide a wide variety of academic programs and fields of study. This diversity allows students to pursue specialized programs that might not be available in Pakistan, or may not align with their specific academic or career interests.

3. Research Opportunities

Students interested in research-driven programs often find that universities abroad offer superior research infrastructure and resources. This is especially true for fields like science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), where access to cutting-edge facilities can be crucial to academic and career success.

4. Career Opportunities

Studying abroad can open doors to better job prospects, both in the host country and internationally. Many students hope to gain global work experience, improve their language skills, and expand their professional networks, which can greatly enhance their future career opportunities.

5. Access to Advanced Technology

International institutions often have access to the latest technology, which is essential for students pursuing degrees in fields such as engineering, computer science, and healthcare. This exposure to advanced tools and resources helps students stay at the forefront of their fields.

6. Cultural Exposure

Studying abroad offers students the opportunity to experience different cultures, languages, and lifestyles. This cultural exchange enriches their personal development and helps them develop a more global perspective, which is increasingly valuable in today’s interconnected world.

7. Visa and Immigration Opportunities

Some countries offer post-graduation work visas and pathways to permanent residency for international students. This is an attractive option for students who may wish to settle abroad after completing their studies.

8. Political and Security Concerns

Political instability and security challenges in Pakistan can sometimes prompt students to seek education in more stable countries. Additionally, concerns about academic freedom or political interference in education can also influence this decision.

9. Family Expectations

In some cases, families may encourage or even pressure their children to study abroad, believing that an international education will lead to better career opportunities and a higher social status. This cultural expectation can play a significant role in students’ decisions.

10. Competitive Admission Process

Admission to top universities in Pakistan can be highly competitive, leading many students to consider studying abroad as a viable alternative. International universities may have different admission criteria or may offer scholarships that make studying abroad more accessible.

11. Role of Education Consultants

Studying abroad can be a significant financial and logistical commitment. However, scholarships and financial aid opportunities can help make this option more accessible. Education consultants, including law consultancy firms like Highbrow, play a key role in guiding students through the application process, helping them understand their options, and assisting with visa and scholarship applications.

Pakistan will meet $25 billion target in IT exports in 3 years: PM

on 15/11/2024

Highlighting the government’s efforts to promote the telecommunications sector, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif reiterated his resolve to meet the target of $25 billion in IT exports in the next three years.

In a meeting with a five-member delegation of VEON Group led by Chairman Augie K Fabela, the prime minister said the government was introducing 5G internet service to provide fast and reliable internet connectivity even in remote areas. He added that the 5G services would also help the government realise its vision of a Digital Pakistan.

The telecommunication sector had a significant role in promoting a cashless and digital economy, he said and lauded the services of VEON Group’s subsidiary Jazz in Pakistan’s telecommunications and financial technology sectors, according to a PM Office press release.

Prime Minister Shehbaz said the government was willing to collaborate with VEON Group on IT, digitization, and artificial intelligence.

The members of the delegation appreciated the government’s efforts for economic stability and said that Pakistan had become an important investment destination for the IT and telecom sector.

Minister of State for Information Technology and Telecommunications Shaza Fatima Khawaja, Minister of State for Finance and Revenue Ali Pervaiz Malik, Coordinator to PM Rana Ehsan Afzal, and relevant senior officers attended the meeting. — ERMD

The Bijli Sahulat Package is worth considering.

on 14/11/2024

The “Bijli Sahulat Package,” a winter electricity initiative, has finally been approved amid considerable anticipation. This pilot program has the backing of the IMF and other multilateral organizations and is set to run for three months during the winter to evaluate its impact. Initially, the government planned for the package to cover six months, but the IMF urged a three-month trial period instead.

Exploring this idea is worthwhile, especially considering the significant decline in Pakistan’s power sector demand over the past two years. With a tariff structure dominated by capacity charges, it makes sense to encourage increased consumption at the marginal rate of Rs26 per unit. Demand for electricity typically drops during the colder months from November to March, and since domestic consumption comprises 50% of the national total while industrial and commercial shares have remained stagnant, addressing this is essential.

Pakistan’s power infrastructure is built to handle peak summer demand, leaving a substantial portion of capacity unused for nearly half the year. This contributes to the high capacity charges reflected in consumer tariffs.

For residential users, the package offers limited benefit due to modest electricity needs in winter. Although authorities hope households will switch from gas-based appliances to electric ones, the cost gap remains large. Even after recent increases in gas prices, the highest domestic gas tariff is still around Rs8/kWh—three times less than the marginal rate for the extra electricity under the package.

Power consumption has declined across all sectors, and this incentive could help reverse some of that decline, potentially aligning with FY25 consumption targets. However, with more households turning to rooftop solar, it is uncertain if this package alone will be enough to drive significant increases in usage.

Attention then turns to industrial and commercial consumers, who account for 34% of the national demand. There is potential for growth in industrial consumption, especially given a low starting point after two years of declining large-scale manufacturing (LSM). Unlike residential consumers, industries might reschedule production to take advantage of the package if they have the capacity to do so. The formula for the package relies 80% on consumption data from the past two years, implying that year-on-year growth may happen naturally, even if industrial activity doesn’t match the peaks seen from FY16-FY18 or FY22.

It is important that the authorities do not see this initiative as the ultimate solution to power sector challenges. Comprehensive reforms must extend beyond pricing strategies. Nonetheless, the winter incentive package presents little risk and is worth trying as an initial step.